|
Appendix
E
Most
Recent CUDCP Biennial Survey
Biennial
Survey of Clinical Psychology Program Directors:
1998
Present
Response
N=97 (61% of Membership)
|
|
1998
|
1996
|
1994
|
|
Ph.D.
Degree Offered
|
93%
|
91%
|
94%
|
|
Accredited
|
96%
|
97%
|
97%
|
|
Training
Model
|
|
|
|
|
Scientist-Practitioner
|
80%
|
71%
|
87%
|
|
Clinical
Scientist
|
7%
|
19%
|
8%
|
|
Practitioner
|
3%
|
3%
|
3%
|
|
Practitioner-Scientist
|
5%
|
|
|
|
Other
|
4%
|
6%
|
2%
|
|
University
Based
|
94%
|
88%
|
91%
|
|
Health
Center Affiliation
|
19%
|
20%
|
|
|
Member
of NCSPP
|
5%
|
|
Member
of APPIC
|
79%
|
|
Member
of APCS
|
24%
|
|
Top
Two Specializations (We Combined First and Second Choices)
|
|
|
|
|
Clinical
Child
|
51%
|
Family
Systems/Therapy
|
8%
|
|
Behavioral
Medicine
|
22%
|
Gerontological
Psychology
|
6%
|
|
Clinical
Neuropsychology
|
13%
|
Forensic
Psychology
|
5%
|
|
Community
Psychology
|
10%
|
Pediatric
Psychology
|
4%
|
Other
= 30% (Health = 7%; Adult = 7%;
Many Others)
Primary Theoretical Orientation
|
|
|
Cognitive-Behavioral/Social
Learning
|
68%
|
|
Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic/Ego-analytic
|
8%
|
|
Applied
Behavioral/Behavioral Analytic
|
8%
|
|
Systems
Theory
|
1%
|
|
Humanistic/Existential/Phenomenological
|
0%
|
|
Other
|
14%
|
Relative Emphasis of Clinical (=1) To Research (=7) Activities
Mean
= 4.6 (S.D. = 1.10); Mode = 4; Median
= 4
Current Students and Recent Admissions (Comparisons to Previous Surveys)
|
|
1998
(SD)
|
1996
|
1994
|
1990
|
|
First Four Years
|
31.7
(15.3)
|
38.1
|
37.1
|
38.6
|
|
Total Students
|
50.8
(25.3)
|
57.1
|
57.0
|
57.8
|
|
Percentage Women
|
71%
|
68%
|
68%
|
65%
|
|
Percentage Minority Men
|
6%
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage Minority women
|
15%
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage Minority
|
21%
|
18%
|
19%
|
12%
|
|
Percentage Challenged (ADA)
|
2%
|
1%
|
|
|
|
Number of Applicants
|
197
(99.1)
|
229
|
274
|
217
|
|
Number Accepted
|
14
( 7.9)
|
16
|
15
|
19
|
|
Number Enrolled
|
8
( 4.0)
|
10
|
9
|
10
|
|
% 1st Year support
|
87%
(28.9)
|
84%
|
|
|
(2.6 to 1 Ratio of Minority Women to Men; Constant 1998-1996)
Funding and Financial Aid
|
%
of Students Funded on Grad Assistantships (GAs)
|
1998
|
1996
|
|
First Year
|
82%
(29%)
|
90%
|
|
Second -Fourth
|
78%
(25%)
|
81%
|
|
Fifth and Above
|
36%
(35%)
|
37%
|
|
Hours Worked as GA
|
M
= 15.9 (S.D. = 4.24)
|
Mode
= 20
|
Median
= 16
|
|
|
1998
|
1996
|
1994
|
1990
|
|
Estimated Direct Support
|
$9,654
|
$10,254
|
$8,958
|
$7,161
|
|
Indirect Support
|
$8,818
|
$
6,979
|
|
|
|
Tuition Waiver
|
Full = 66%
|
Partial = 21%
|
None = 13%
|
|
Worth of Waiver
|
$7704 ($5680)
|
Range $400 - $23,000
|
|
Medical Benefits
|
Yes
= 35%
|
No
= 65%
|
|
Estimated Worth
|
$941
($927)
|
Range
$250 - $2655
|
Financial
aid data are probably not reliable. It
was difficult to compute actual support because so much variation existed both
within and across programs (e.g., 9-month vs. 10 month or more; in-state vs.
out-of-state tuition, provision of fellowship support to some students,
different response rates across categories, etc.).
Sources of Graduate Support
|
|
Programs Tapping Source
|
M Students/Program
|
Median
|
Range/Program
|
Federal Sources
|
|
|
|
|
|
National
Institute of Health
|
57
|
5.5
( 4.8)
|
5
|
1
- 30
|
|
National
Science Foundation
|
16
|
1.7
( 0.7)
|
2
|
1
– 3
|
|
Health
and Human Services
|
15
|
5.1
(10.4)
|
2
|
1
– 42
|
|
Department
of Defense
|
7
|
1.4
( 0.8)
|
1
|
1
– 3
|
|
Other
Federal Sources
|
31
|
4.1
( 5.5)
|
2
|
1
– 30
|
Non-Federal Sources
|
|
|
|
|
|
University
|
85
|
20.2
(12.5)
|
18
|
1
– 94
|
|
State
or Local Government
|
42
|
6.3
( 6.9)
|
3
|
1
– 30
|
|
Non-Profit
Agencies
|
36
|
6.0
( 5.4)
|
4
|
1
– 23
|
|
For-Profit
Institutions
|
15
|
1.8
( 0.9)
|
2
|
1
– 3
|
|
Charitable
Organizations
|
10
|
3.1
( 2.6)
|
2
|
1
– 10
|
About Our Faculty
|
|
1998
|
1996
|
1994
|
1990
|
|
Total
In Department
|
25.5
(13.6)
|
27.3
|
29.5
|
28.2
|
|
Women
In Department
|
9.5
( 5.9)
|
8.7
|
7.9
|
|
|
Total
In Program
|
9.5
( 3.9)
|
9.0
|
9.6
|
9.8
|
|
Women
In Program
|
3.2
( 1.7)
|
3.2
|
3.1
|
3.0
|
|
Instructors’
Salary
|
$32,443
($ 9,616)
|
$34,847
|
$26,500
|
$28,714
|
|
Assistant
Professor
|
$43,817
($ 4,817)
|
$42,034
|
$39,000
|
$32,422
|
|
Associate
Professor
|
$52,773
($ 7,535)
|
$52,185
|
$45,100
|
$40,451
|
|
Full
Professor
|
$73,088
($13,707)
|
$67,890
|
$59,300
|
$54,572
|
Adjunct Faculty and Hiring Needs
|
Adjunct
Faculty Hired
|
Men
= 5.56
(7.4)
|
Women
= 4.13 (6.4)
|
|
Core
Faculty Lost
|
Men
= 1.08
(1.0)
|
Women
= 0.46 (0.6)
|
|
Anticipated
Hiring
|
Mean
= 1.59 (1.2)
|
Range
0-4.5
|
|
By
Program
|
21
programs = 0 hires
|
25
= 1
|
25
= 2
|
11
= 3
|
4
= 4
|
|
Specialized
Hiring Targets
|
(63%
of Programs)
|
|
|
|
Child
Clinical
|
11%
|
Neuropsychology
|
6%
|
|
Behavioral
Health
|
7%
|
Developmental
|
5%
|
Many Others (Gerontological Psychology; Addictions; Hearing Impaired;
Rural; Anxiety Disorders; Native American)
About Us As Clinical Directors
|
|
Men
= 63%
|
Women
= 37%
|
Full Professor
|
|
|
|
Service
Length
|
7.7
Years
|
6.2
Years
|
|
Mean
Salary
|
$85,930
|
$72,675
|
Associate Professor
|
|
|
|
Service
Length
|
3.5
Years
|
2.4
Years
|
|
Mean
Salary
|
$58,081
|
$61,673
|
Overall
(n=79 of 97 respondents) 5.7
Years $74,129
($20,642) (mdn and mode =
$71,000)
|
Appointment
Basis
|
|
|
9-Month
|
30%
|
|
9
Month+Summer
|
36%)
|
|
10-Month
|
4%
|
|
11-Month
|
8%
|
|
12
Month
|
23%)
|
Since
many have requested a more detailed breakdown of salary, these data are
presented on page 7.
|
Combat
Duty “Perks” and Other Information
|
|
|
|
|
Reduced
Teaching Load *
|
89%
|
Control
Clinic Budget
|
23%
|
|
Extra
Graduate Assistants
|
20%
|
Own
Secretary
|
38%
|
|
Salary
Bonuses
|
12%
|
Own
Travel Budget
|
31%
|
|
Higher
Percent Raises
|
2%
|
Control
Program Budget
|
24%
|
|
Teach
Summer Practica
|
32%
|
Member
of CUDCP Net
|
84%
|
|
Have
Read DCT Manual
|
79%
|
Average
Helpfulness Rating
|
3.28
(out of 4)
|
*
Modal Reduction = 50%; one
course
About Our Psychological Clinics
|
75
Programs (77% Have their Own Psychology Clinics,
Which
Are directed By
|
|
|
Directors
of Clinical Training
|
18%
(Poor Wretches!!)
|
|
Tenure-Track
Faculty
|
62%
|
|
Non-Tenure
Track Faculty
|
20%
|
|
Clinic
Directors appointed for:
|
|
|
|
|
12-months
|
67%
|
10-months
|
8%
|
|
11-months
|
10%
|
9-months
|
15%
|
|
Full-time
|
57%
|
Half-Time
|
19%
|
|
Three-Quarter
Time
|
2%
|
One-Quarter
Time
|
9%
|
Curriculum Issues
|
Psychological
Assessment Hours
|
Hours
|
Mdn
|
Mode
|
|
Required
|
117 (63.8)
|
112
|
84
|
|
Optional
|
63 (51.4)
|
42
|
42
|
|
Hours Required for:
|
|
|
|
|
Interviewing
|
26.0 (22.3)
|
20
|
42
|
|
Intellectual
Assessment
|
35.3 (17.1)
|
40
|
42
|
|
Objective
Personality
|
27.3 (15.0)
|
26
|
42
|
|
Projective
Assessment
|
19.9 (19.2)
|
17
|
42
|
|
Reasons
for Teaching Projectives
|
|
|
Faculty
believe in utility of such devices
|
47%
|
|
Faculty
believe helps students obtain internship
|
49%
|
|
Students
have interests in using devices
|
20%
|
|
Other
(2 clusters; should know VS limitations)
|
21%
|
|
Offer
Post-doctoral Respecialization?
|
14%
|
|
|
Courses Offered In
|
Is Course New?
(Within 2 Years)
|
|
Ethics/Professional
Issues
|
91%
|
27%
|
|
Multicultural
Issues
|
87%
|
34%
|
|
Program Evaluation
|
49%
|
17%
|
|
Supervision
|
37%
|
14%
|
|
Consultation
|
29%
|
11%
|
|
Other Innovative
Course1
|
23%
|
|
1 Two Clusters Emerged - Skills
Training emphasized issues such as grant writing, resume preparation; internship
interviewing, etc; Specialty Areas included rural or urban health issues,
specialized populations, substance abuse, etc.
|
Practicum
Teaching Load
|
M
= 2.7
credits
|
Modal
= 3 credits
|
|
Students
|
M
= 4.7
|
(
2.0; Range 2-12)
|
|
Contact
Hours
|
M
= 12.6
|
(21.1;
Range 1-90)
|
Internship and Job Placements
|
Hours
of Student Involvement in Required Practica
|
|
|
First
Year
|
M
= 3.8 (
3.9)
|
|
Second
Year
|
M
= 11.0 (11.1)
|
|
Third
Year
|
M
= 13.0 (11.4)
|
|
Fourth
Year
|
M
= 11.3 (12.9)
|
|
Intern
Applicants Per Clinical Program
|
M
= 7.7
|
(3.95;
1 - 31)
|
As
a % of total number
|
|
Applicants
Placed on “UND”
|
M
= 7.0
|
(3.73;
0 - 28)
|
M
= 90% (16%)
|
|
Applicants
Placed Later
|
M
= 0.5
|
(1.40;
0 - 11)
|
|
|
Placed
At Accredited Sites
|
M
= 7.0
|
(3.87;
0-11)
|
M
= 91% (17%)
|
|
Placed
At Full-Time Funded Sites
|
M
= 6.9
|
(3.93;
0-29)
|
M
= 89% (22%)
|
|
Placed
At Less Than Full-Time Funded
|
|
(Combines
Other Categories)
M = 0.5
(2.07; 0 - 14)
|
|
11
Programs; 7 had 1 such placement; 1 each had 2, 7, 13, and 14)
|
|
Unplaced
(Combines current, 2 yr.,>2 years) M = 0.6
(1.18; 0 - 6)
|
|
32
Programs; 16 had 1 non-placement; 9 = 2; 5 = 3; 2 had 6 students unplaced
|
|
Number
of Sites applied To
M = 11.3 (3.59; 1 - 20)
|
|
APPIC Hours
|
|
|
Direct
Services
|
M
= 1166
(1205; 300 - 9229)
|
|
Indirect
services
|
M
= 689
( 409;
75 - 2000)
|
|
Supervision
Received
|
M
= 449
( 327; 144 - 2072)
|
These data were based on only 57 respondents and were inflated by
a single program outlier who reported 9229 and 2072 hours of direct service and
supervision; after removal the results are:
|
APPIC
Hours
|
M
|
SD;
Range
|
Mdn
|
Mode
|
|
Direct
Services
|
1022
|
526;
300 - 2661
|
926
|
500
|
|
Indirect
services
|
688
|
408;
75 - 2000
|
570
|
400
|
|
Supervision
Received
|
419
|
243;
144 - 1575
|
360
|
200
|
Our Graduates
|
Graduates
(1997-98)
|
M =
8.0
|
(5.37; 0 - 32)
|
|
Years to Completion
|
M =
6.4
|
(1.19; 4 - 9.5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Graduates
(1996-97)
|
M =
7.5
|
(4.65; 0 - 26)
|
|
Years To Completion
|
M =
6.6
|
(1.14; 4 - 10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Graduates
(1991-96)
|
M = 36.1
|
(19.7;
0 - 127)
|
|
Years To Completion
|
M =
6.7
|
( 1.25; 4 - 10)
|
Primary
Professional Activity of 1991-96 Graduates (Number of Students)
|
Therapy
|
M
= 14.0
|
Assessment
|
M
= 5.8
|
|
Consulting
|
M
= 3.2
|
Research
|
M
= 5.7
|
|
Administration
|
M
= 2.9
|
Teaching
|
M
= 5.4
|
|
Supervision
|
M
= 2.4
|
|
|
Primary
Occupational sites of 1991-96 Graduates (Number of Students)
|
Independent
Practice
|
M
= 5.5
|
State/County
Hospital
|
M
= 1.0
|
|
University
Teaching Faculty
|
M
= 5.4
|
Medical
Center
|
M
= 5.2
|
|
Community
Mental Health Center
|
M
= 3.4
|
Student
|
M
= 0.3
|
|
University
Counseling Center
|
M
= 1.6
|
Public
General Hospital
|
M
= 1.5
|
|
VA
Medical Center
|
M
= 1.4
|
Not
Currently Employed
|
M
= 0.4 (0 - 3)
|
|
All
Other Sites
|
<1
Person
|
|
|
Our Top 10 Issues
and Concerns
These
data are organized in two ways. Your
average ratings of importance reflect the best estimate of membership’s
concern about each issue (1 = no problem to 5 = major problem); frequency data
describe the percentage of members who endorsed each issue as one of the two
most important for CUDCP to focus on.
|
|
Mean
|
Frequency
|
|
Mean
|
Frequency
|
|
Appropriate
Job Markets
|
3.6
|
31%
|
Gender
Balance
|
2.7
|
5%
|
|
Managed
Care Issues
|
3.3
|
8%
|
Curriculum
Development
|
2.5
|
10%
|
|
Funding
of Students
|
3.2
|
18%
|
Science-Practice
Integration
|
2.5
|
25%
|
|
Internship
Placements
|
3.2
|
20%
|
Diversity
in Student Group
|
2.5
|
4%
|
|
State
Legislation of Practice
|
2.8
|
6%
|
Faculty
Development
|
2.3
|
3%
|
Four
Programs reported having had to deal with various law suits.
Additional Selected Analyses
Additional
statistical analyses addressed specific issues that members raised at the CUDCP
meeting. Salary data are tricky to interpret because only 55 of the 97
respondents provided information specific enough to permit analysis by cell and
cross-tabulating the figures by length of appointment, rank, and gender within
rank yields small sample sizes. Overall
salaries reported on page 4 involve a larger sample and are inflated by one
anonymous outlier that is 75% larger than the next highest salary.
Nonetheless, here they are:
|
Appointment
Basis
|
Salary
|
Appointment
Basis
|
Salary
|
|
Nine-Month
|
|
Ten-Month
|
|
|
Associate
Professor
|
|
Full
Professor
|
|
|
Male
(n = 1
|
$44,814
|
Male
(n = 2)
|
$72,400
|
|
Female
(n = 4)
|
$46,657
|
Female
(n = 0)
|
|
|
Full
Professor
|
|
Eleven-Month
|
|
|
Male
(n = 7)
|
$78,662
|
Associate
Professor
|
|
|
Female
(n = 3)
|
$70,773
|
Male
(n = 1)
|
$60,000
|
|
|
|
Female
(n = 1)
|
$67,500
|
|
Nine
Month + Summer
|
|
|
|
|
Associate
Professor
|
|
Full
Professor
|
|
|
Male
(n = 6)
|
$57,200
|
Male
(n = 0)
|
|
|
Female
(n = 3)
|
$53,647
|
Female
(n = 2)
|
$67,500
|
|
Full
Professor
|
|
|
|
|
Male
(n = 5)
|
$75,500
|
Twelve-Month
|
|
|
Female
(n = 5)
|
$68,400
|
Associate
Professor
|
|
|
Ten-Month
|
|
Male
(n = 2)
|
$59,000
|
|
Female
(n = 3)
|
$79,333
|
|
|
|
Associate
Professor
|
|
Full
Professor
|
|
|
Male
(n = 0)
|
|
Male
(n = 8)
|
$84,437
|
|
Female
(n = 0)
|
|
Female
(n - 2
|
$78,000
|
Multiple analytic strategies (e.g., ANCOVA covarying out length of
service revealed a significant main effect for rank, but not gender.
Relationships Between Faculty/Student Ratio, Admission Selectivity and
Selected Variables
Several members requested information pertaining to correlates of ratio
of students to faculty and ratio of applicants to students who were offered
admission (not final class size). To
ensure adequate sample size, we assessed FTE of clinical faculty via an internet
search of programs that did not provide this information on the survey.
When we added these faculty data, it changed one conclusion that we had
made during the CUDCP presentation. The
number of clinical faculty has not declined compared to size over the past
decade as we then indicated. The
revised figure is reflected on page 3 of this survey.
|
Student-Faculty
Ratio
|
M
= 6 to 1
|
Mdn
= 5.2 to 1
|
(SD
= 3.0)
|
Range
= 1.7 - 20.7
|
|
Admission
Selectivity
|
M
= 15.9
|
Mdn
= 14.0
|
(SD
= 9.6)
|
Range
= 2.3 - 48.2
|
These two variables are correlated -.36 (p,001), indicating that
more selective programs have fewer students per faculty member.
|
Correlated
Variable
|
Student-Faculty
Ratio
|
Admission
Selectivity
|
|
Research Emphasis
|
-.20
|
.34***
|
|
Required Assessment
Hours
|
.55***
|
-.33**
|
|
Optional Assessment
Hours
|
.45**
|
-.22
|
|
Average Internship
Sites Applied To
|
.36***
|
-.42***
|
Neither variable was
significantly correlated with
·
Length of time to graduation for
1997, 1996, or 1991-95 cohorts
·
Number of graduates who endorse
research, teaching, or clinical work as their primary professional activity
·
Clinical director’s length of
service or salary
Contents
|